Ple4Win

Wave and Current loading

PLE does offer the possibility to also model offshore pipelines and calculate their behaviour. The main addition is that PLE can model wave and current loadings as quasi-static loads on exposed (non-buried) pipeline sections. The sea state considered is 3-dimensional for waves and 2-dimensional for currents. Waves are characterised by height, period, direction, position and type of crest and wave theory. Wave profiles may be long- or short crested and according to Airy (1st order) or Stokes (5th order) theory. A current profile can be specified either as an exponential curve or by a number of profile values over the water depth. The influence of (weight) coatings and marine growth, resulting in increase of the structural pipe diameter, can be taken into account, as well as the dynamic amplification of forces due to vibration of pipe spans and the influence of nearby stream disturbing members, e.g. jacket members.

20. Technical Specials - Wave loading.png